Module Os.Cmd

Executing commands.

Portability. In order to maximize portability no .exe suffix should be added to executable names on Windows, tool search adds the suffix during the tool search procedure.

val find_tool : ?⁠search:Fpath.t list -> Cmd.tool -> (Fpath.t option, string) Stdlib.result

find_tool ~search tool is the file path, if any, to the program executable for the tool specification tool.

  • If tool has a single path segment. The tool file is searched, in list order, for the first matching executable file in the directories of search. These directories default to those that result from parsing PATH with Fpath.list_of_search_path.
  • If tool has multiple path segments the corresponding file is simply tested for existence and executability. Ok (Some tool) is returned if that is case and Ok None otherwise.
val must_find_tool : ?⁠search:Fpath.t list -> Cmd.tool -> (Fpath.t, string) Stdlib.result

must_find_tool is like find_tool except it errors if Ok None is returned.

val find_first_tool : ?⁠search:Fpath.t list -> Cmd.tool list -> (Fpath.t option, string) Stdlib.result

find_first_tool is the first tool that can be found in the list with find_tool.

val find : ?⁠search:Fpath.t list -> Cmd.t -> (Cmd.t option, string) Stdlib.result

find ~search cmd resolves cmd's tool as find_tool does.

val must_find : ?⁠search:Fpath.t list -> Cmd.t -> (Cmd.t, string) Stdlib.result

must_find ~search cmd resolves cmd's tool as must_find_tool does.

val find_first : ?⁠search:Fpath.t list -> Cmd.t list -> (Cmd.t option, string) Stdlib.result

find_first ~search cmds resolves cmds's Cmd.toos as find_first_tool does.

Process completion statuses

type status = [
| `Exited of int
| `Signaled of int
]

The type for process exit statuses.

val pp_status : status Fmt.t

pp_status is a formatter for process exit statuses.

val pp_cmd_status : (Cmd.t * status) Fmt.t

pp_cmd_status is a formatter for command process exit statuses.

Process standard inputs

type stdi

The type for representing the standard input of a process.

val in_string : string -> stdi

in_string s is a standard input that reads the string s.

val in_file : Fpath.t -> stdi

in_file f is a standard input that reads from file f.

val in_fd : close:bool -> Unix.file_descr -> stdi

in_fd ~close fd is a standard input that reads from file descriptor fd. If close is true, fd is closed after the process is spawn.

val in_stdin : stdi

in_stdin is in_fd ~close:false Unix.stdin, a standard input that reads from the current process standard input.

val in_null : stdi

in_null is in_file File.null.

Process standard outputs

type stdo

The type for representing the standard output of a process.

val out_file : Fpath.t -> stdo

out_file f is a standard output that writes to file f.

val out_fd : close:bool -> Unix.file_descr -> stdo

out_fd ~close fd is a standard output that writes to file descriptor fd. If close is true, fd is closed after the process spawn.

val out_stdout : stdo

out_stdout is out_fd ~close:false Unix.stdout

val out_stderr : stdo

out_stderr is out_fd ~close:false Unix.stderr

val out_null : stdo

out_null is out_file File.null

Command execution

Blocking

These functions wait for the command to complete before proceeding.

val run_status : ?⁠env:Env.assignments -> ?⁠cwd:Fpath.t -> ?⁠stdin:stdi -> ?⁠stdout:stdo -> ?⁠stderr:stdo -> Cmd.t -> (status, string) Stdlib.result

run_status ~env ~cwd ~stdin ~stdout ~stderr cmd runs and waits for the completion of cmd in environment env with current directory cwd and standard IO connections stdin, stdout and stderr.

.

val run_status_out : ?⁠env:Env.assignments -> ?⁠cwd:Fpath.t -> ?⁠stdin:stdi -> ?⁠stderr:[ `Stdo of stdo | `Out ] -> ?⁠trim:bool -> Cmd.t -> (status * string, string) Stdlib.result

run_status_out is like run_status except stdout is read from the process to a string. The string is String.trimed if trim is true (default). If stderr is `Out the process' stderr is redirected to stdout and thus read back in the string aswell.

val run : ?⁠env:Env.assignments -> ?⁠cwd:Fpath.t -> ?⁠stdin:stdi -> ?⁠stdout:stdo -> ?⁠stderr:stdo -> Cmd.t -> (unit, string) Stdlib.result

run is run_status with non-`Exited 0 statuses turned into errors via pp_cmd_status.

val run_out : ?⁠env:Env.assignments -> ?⁠cwd:Fpath.t -> ?⁠stdin:stdi -> ?⁠stderr:[ `Stdo of stdo | `Out ] -> ?⁠trim:bool -> Cmd.t -> (string, string) Stdlib.result

run is run_status_out with non-`Exited 0 statuses turned into errors via pp_cmd_status.

Non-blocking

Note. In contrast to waitpid(2) the following API does not allow to collect any child process completion. There are two reasons: first this is not supported on Windows, second this is anti-modular.

type pid

The type for process identifiers.

val pid_to_int : pid -> int

pid_to_int pid is the system identifier for process identifier pid.

val spawn : ?⁠env:Env.assignments -> ?⁠cwd:Fpath.t -> ?⁠stdin:stdi -> ?⁠stdout:stdo -> ?⁠stderr:stdo -> Cmd.t -> (pid, string) Stdlib.result

spawn ~env ~cwd ~stdin ~stdout ~stderr cmd spawns command cmd in environment env with current directory cwd and standard IO connections stdin, stdout and stderr. env defaults to Env.current_assignments (), cwd to Dir.current (), stdin to in_stdin, stdout to out_stdout and stderr to out_stderr.

val spawn_poll_status : pid -> (status option, string) Stdlib.result

spawn_poll_status pid tries to collect the exit status of command spawn pid. If block is false, Ok None is immediately returned if pid has not terinated yet.

val spawn_wait_status : pid -> (status, string) Stdlib.result

spawn_wait_status blocks and waits for pid's termination status to become available.

Tracing

type spawn_tracer = pid -> Env.assignments option -> cwd:Fpath.t option -> Cmd.t -> unit

The type for spawn tracers. Called with each blocking and non-blocking spawned command. The function is given the process identifier of the spawn, the environment if different from the program's one, the current working directory if different from the program's one and the acctual command.

val spawn_tracer_nop : spawn_tracer

spawn_tracer_nop is a spawn tracer that does nothing. This is the initial spawn tracer.

val spawn_tracer : unit -> spawn_tracer

tracer () is the current spawn tracer. Initially this is spawn_tracer_nop.

val set_spawn_tracer : spawn_tracer -> unit

set_tracer t sets the current spawn tracer to t.

Executing files

Windows. On Windows a program executing an execv* function yields back control to the terminal as soon as the child starts (vs. ends on POSIX). This entails all sorts of unwanted behaviours. To workaround this, the following function executes, on Windows, the file as a spawned child process which is waited on for completion via waitpid(2). Once the child process has terminated the calling process is immediately exited with the status of the child.

val execv : ?⁠env:Env.assignments -> ?⁠cwd:Fpath.t -> Fpath.t -> Cmd.t -> (unit, string) Stdlib.result

execv ~env ~cwd f argv executes file f as a new process in environment env with args as the Sys.argv of this process (in particular Sys.argv.(0) is the name of the program not the first argument to the program). The function only recturns in case of error. env defaults to B0.OS.Env.current_assignments (), cwd to Dir.current ().